Microsoft Windows updates are notorious for screwing up things that used to work. In my case, fingerprint sign in suddenly stopped working after another Windows 11 update. When you search the web for a solution, you will find many suggestions like updating the driver, clearing cache, etc that don't work (otherwise you would not land on this page). So, here is how to fix it (at least, how it worked for me).
Click Start button and type Registry Editor in the search bar. Open Registry Editor and scroll down to biometrics folder. It may be located in different places. On my Dell Inspiron it was here: Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\CspSchema\passportforwork\device\biometrics
If you can't locate biometrics there, you may try "Find" menu and search for it. It definitely should be somewhere under Microsoft. This search BTW works very slowly- it may take long time to finish.
Once you open biometrics, if default value is not set, click on it and enter 1. Write down the full path to folder where you did, so you can always undo it if you got any problem with it. Hope it helps. Good luck!